349 lines
6.1 KiB
Markdown
349 lines
6.1 KiB
Markdown
# Docker Run 部署
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本指南介绍如何使用 `docker run` 命令部署 PPanel。此方法适合快速测试或简单部署。
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::: tip 提示
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对于生产环境，我们推荐使用 [Docker Compose](/zh/guide/installation/docker-compose)。
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:::
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## 前置条件
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### 安装 Docker
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**Ubuntu/Debian:**
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```bash
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# 更新包索引
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sudo apt-get update
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# 安装 Docker
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sudo apt-get install -y ca-certificates curl gnupg lsb-release
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sudo mkdir -p /etc/apt/keyrings
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curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo gpg --dearmor -o /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg
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echo \
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"deb [arch=$(dpkg --print-architecture) signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu \
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$(lsb_release -cs) stable" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list > /dev/null
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sudo apt-get update
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sudo apt-get install -y docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io
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```
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**CentOS/RHEL:**
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```bash
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# 安装 Docker
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sudo yum install -y yum-utils
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sudo yum-config-manager --add-repo https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
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sudo yum install -y docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io
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# 启动 Docker
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sudo systemctl start docker
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sudo systemctl enable docker
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```
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### 验证安装
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```bash
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docker --version
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sudo docker run hello-world
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```
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## 快速开始
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### 步骤 1: 拉取镜像
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```bash
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# 拉取最新版本
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docker pull ppanel/ppanel:latest
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# 或拉取指定版本
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docker pull ppanel/ppanel:v0.1.2
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```
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### 步骤 2: 准备配置
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```bash
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# 创建配置目录
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mkdir -p ~/ppanel-config
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# 创建配置文件
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cat > ~/ppanel-config/ppanel.yaml <<EOF
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server:
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host: 0.0.0.0
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port: 8080
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database:
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type: sqlite
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path: /app/data/ppanel.db
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EOF
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```
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### 步骤 3: 运行容器
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**基础命令:**
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```bash
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docker run -d \
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--name ppanel \
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-p 8080:8080 \
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-v ~/ppanel-config:/app/etc:ro \
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-v ppanel-data:/app/data \
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--restart unless-stopped \
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ppanel/ppanel:latest
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```
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**完整参数命令:**
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```bash
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docker run -d \
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--name ppanel \
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-p 8080:8080 \
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-v ~/ppanel-config:/app/etc:ro \
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-v ppanel-data:/app/data \
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-e TZ=Asia/Shanghai \
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--restart unless-stopped \
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--memory="2g" \
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--cpus="2" \
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ppanel/ppanel:latest
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```
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**参数说明:**
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- `-d`: 以守护进程模式运行（后台运行）
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- `--name ppanel`: 设置容器名称
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- `-p 8080:8080`: 端口映射（宿主机:容器）
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- `-v ~/ppanel-config:/app/etc:ro`: 挂载配置（只读）
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- `-v ppanel-data:/app/data`: 创建数据卷
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- `-e TZ=Asia/Shanghai`: 设置时区
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- `--restart unless-stopped`: 自动重启策略
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- `--memory="2g"`: 内存限制
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- `--cpus="2"`: CPU 限制
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### 步骤 4: 验证运行
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```bash
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# 查看容器状态
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docker ps | grep ppanel
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# 查看日志
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docker logs -f ppanel
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# 测试访问
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curl http://localhost:8080
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```
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## 容器管理
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### 查看日志
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```bash
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# 查看所有日志
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docker logs ppanel
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# 实时跟踪日志
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docker logs -f ppanel
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# 查看最后 100 行
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docker logs --tail 100 ppanel
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# 显示时间戳
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docker logs -t ppanel
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```
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### 停止容器
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```bash
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docker stop ppanel
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```
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### 启动容器
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```bash
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docker start ppanel
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```
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### 重启容器
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```bash
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docker restart ppanel
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```
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### 删除容器
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```bash
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# 停止并删除
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docker stop ppanel
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docker rm ppanel
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```
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::: warning 注意
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删除容器不会删除数据卷。要删除数据卷：
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```bash
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docker volume rm ppanel-data
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```
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:::
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## 升级
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### 备份数据
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```bash
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# 备份配置
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tar czf ppanel-config-backup-$(date +%Y%m%d).tar.gz ~/ppanel-config/
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# 备份数据卷
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docker run --rm \
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-v ppanel-data:/data \
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-v $(pwd):/backup \
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alpine tar czf /backup/ppanel-data-backup-$(date +%Y%m%d).tar.gz /data
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```
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### 升级流程
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```bash
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# 拉取最新镜像
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docker pull ppanel/ppanel:latest
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# 停止旧容器
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docker stop ppanel
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# 删除旧容器
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docker rm ppanel
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# 使用相同配置启动新容器
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docker run -d \
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--name ppanel \
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-p 8080:8080 \
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-v ~/ppanel-config:/app/etc:ro \
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-v ppanel-data:/app/data \
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--restart unless-stopped \
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ppanel/ppanel:latest
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# 验证
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docker logs -f ppanel
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```
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## 高级用法
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### 自定义网络
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```bash
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# 创建网络
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docker network create ppanel-net
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# 在自定义网络上运行
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docker run -d \
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--name ppanel \
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--network ppanel-net \
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-p 8080:8080 \
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-v ~/ppanel-config:/app/etc:ro \
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-v ppanel-data:/app/data \
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ppanel/ppanel:latest
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```
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### 环境变量
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```bash
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docker run -d \
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--name ppanel \
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-p 8080:8080 \
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-e SERVER_PORT=8080 \
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-e DATABASE_TYPE=sqlite \
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-e TZ=Asia/Shanghai \
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-v ~/ppanel-config:/app/etc:ro \
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-v ppanel-data:/app/data \
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ppanel/ppanel:latest
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```
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### 多实例部署
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```bash
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# 实例 1 使用端口 8081
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docker run -d \
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--name ppanel-1 \
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-p 8081:8080 \
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-v ~/ppanel-config-1:/app/etc:ro \
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-v ppanel-data-1:/app/data \
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ppanel/ppanel:latest
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# 实例 2 使用端口 8082
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docker run -d \
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--name ppanel-2 \
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-p 8082:8080 \
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-v ~/ppanel-config-2:/app/etc:ro \
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-v ppanel-data-2:/app/data \
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ppanel/ppanel:latest
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```
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### 资源限制
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```bash
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docker run -d \
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--name ppanel \
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-p 8080:8080 \
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--memory="2g" \
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--memory-swap="2g" \
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--cpus="2" \
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--pids-limit=100 \
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-v ~/ppanel-config:/app/etc:ro \
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-v ppanel-data:/app/data \
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ppanel/ppanel:latest
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```
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## 故障排除
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### 容器立即退出
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```bash
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# 查看日志
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docker logs ppanel
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# 检查架构
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uname -m
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docker image inspect ppanel/ppanel:latest --format '{{.Architecture}}'
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```
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### 端口被占用
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```bash
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# 检查什么在使用该端口
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sudo lsof -i :8080
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# 使用不同端口
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docker run -d --name ppanel -p 8081:8080 ...
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```
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### 配置未加载
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```bash
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# 验证挂载
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docker exec ppanel ls -la /app/etc
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# 查看文件内容
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docker exec ppanel cat /app/etc/ppanel.yaml
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# 检查权限
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ls -la ~/ppanel-config/
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```
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### 进入容器 Shell
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```bash
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# 进入 bash（如果可用）
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docker exec -it ppanel bash
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# 进入 sh
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docker exec -it ppanel sh
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# 运行命令
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docker exec ppanel ls -la /app
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```
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## 下一步
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- 尝试 [Docker Compose](/zh/guide/installation/docker-compose) 以获得更简单的管理方式
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- 配置[反向代理](/zh/guide/installation/docker-compose#配置反向代理)
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- 了解[配置选项](/zh/guide/configuration)
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## 需要帮助？
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- 查看 [GitHub Issues](https://github.com/perfect-panel/ppanel/issues)
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- 查看 Docker 日志: `docker logs ppanel`
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- 验证系统要求
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